args-kwargs-python.

---

*args in Python:

In python, we can pass variable length of arguments(var-args) is function

To pass variable number of arguments we use *args as parameter in functions.

By convention we use args, you can use any valid identifier here.

It is used to pass a non-keyworded, variable-length argument list.

Type of *args is tuple.

Example :

# function definition
def myfun(*args):
    print(type(args)) check type
    for arg in args:
        print (arg)

# function invocation
print('first call')
myfun('Android Apps', 'Java Prowess', 'C Prowess')

print('second call')
myfun(1,2,3,'Hello')
                

OUTPUT

< class 'tuple'>  it's tuple
Android Apps
Java Prowess
C Prowess
second call
< class 'tuple'>
1
2
3
Hello
                

We can use *args with extra arguments, but with extra care.

Example :

def myfun(args1, *args):
    print("args1 :", args1)
    for arg in args:
        print('var-args value:', arg)

myfun('Android Apps', 'Java Prowess', 'C Prowess')
                

OUTPUT

args1 : Android Apps
var-args value: Java Prowess
var-args value: C Prowess

As we can see first value is for args1 and rest of the values are for *args.

Now, fi we flip this arguments order then

def myfun(*args, args1):
    print("args1 :", args1)
    for arg in args:
        print('var-args value:', arg)

myfun('Android Apps', 'Java Prowess', 'C Prowess')  cause error
'''
the above method call will raise error,
because, every value will be accept by *args
and args1 will not get any value.
'''
                

OUTPUT

TypeError: myfun() missing 1 required keyword-only argument: 'args1'
                

So, in this case if you have *args before any non-varargs then at the time of function calling, you need to specify the value for non-varargs parameters.

def myfun(*args, args1):
    print("args1 :", args1)
    for arg in args:
        print('var-args value:', arg)

myfun('Android Apps', 'Java Prowess', args1='C Prowess')
 

OUTPUT

args1 : C Prowess
var-args value: Android Apps
var-args value: Java Prowess
                

In function, we can have only one *args type argument.

---

**kwargs in Python :

In python function definition **kwargs is used to pass keyworded, variable length of arguments.

Type of **kwargs is dictionary.

def myfun(**kwargs):
    print(type(kwargs))  check type
    for k, v in kwargs.items():
        print(f'Key: {k} and value :{v}')

myfun(args1='Android Apps', args2='Java Prowess', args3='C Prowess')
                

OUTPUT

< class 'dict'>   its dictionary
Key: args1 and value :Android Apps
Key: args2 and value :Java Prowess
Key: args3 and value :C Prowess
                

In function, we can have only one **kwargs type argument.

---

Using *args and **kwargs in a function.

If you are using both in function as argument then make sure *args is before the **kwargs in function definition.

def myfun(*args, **kwargs):
    print('args:', args)
    print('Kwargs: ',kwargs)

myfun("Android Apps", "ProwessApps", args1='Java Prowess', args2='C Prowess',)
                

OUTPUT

args: ('Android Apps', 'ProwessApps')
Kwargs:  {'args1': 'Java Prowess', 'args2': 'C Prowess'}
                

Next chapter is function pointer in python

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